Assessment of a low-profile planar antenna for a wireless sensor network monitoring the local water distribution network
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Abstract
This paper presents an assessment on the suitability of a low-profi le planar antenna for a Wireless Sensor Network (WSN) application monitoring the water supply at Fire Hydrants (FHs). The antenna must have a low pro le so that it can be mounted on the FH lid; it must have an omnidirectional radiation pattern so that it can communicate with base stations at low elevations; and it must operate in the 2.4 GHz Industrial, Scienti c and Medical (ISM) band. Measurements show that for the majority of the 2.4 GHz ISM band, the antenna has a return loss of at least -10 dB and e ciency greater than 60 %. For the FH WSN assessment, the antenna was deployed as a transmitter mounted on the FH lid above the underground FH chamber and a vertically polarised monopole antenna mounted on a mast at various speci ed heights above ground level was used to measure the received power as a function of distance. The path loss results were compared with those from a previous deployment, where the FH antenna was located in the FH chamber, and it is found that using the low-pro le antenna reduced the path loss by at least 10 dB over the measured transmitter and receiver separation.
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2043-6394