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Preschool children's proto-episodic memory assessed by deferred imitation.


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Type

Article

Change log

Authors

Burns, Patrick 
Russell, Charlotte 
Russell, James 

Abstract

In two experiments, both employing deferred imitation, we studied the developmental origins of episodic memory in two- to three-year-old children by adopting a "minimalist" view of episodic memory based on its What-When-Where ("WWW": spatiotemporal plus semantic) content. We argued that the temporal element within spatiotemporal should be the order/simultaneity of the event elements, but that it is not clear whether the spatial content should be egocentric or allocentric. We also argued that episodic recollection should be configural (tending towards all-or-nothing recall of the WWW elements). Our first deferred imitation experiment, using a two-dimensional (2D) display, produced superior-to-chance performance after 2.5 years but no evidence of configural memory. Moreover, performance did not differ from that on a What-What-What control task. Our second deferred imitation study required the children to reproduce actions on an object in a room, thereby affording layout-based spatial cues. In this case, not only was there superior-to-chance performance after 2.5 years but memory was also configural at both ages. We discuss the importance of allocentric spatial cues in episodic recall in early proto-episodic memory and reflect on the possible role of hippocampal development in this process.

Description

This is the author accepted manuscript. The final version is available from Taylor & Francis via http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/09658211.2014.963625

Keywords

Deferred imitation, Episodic memory, Hippocampus, Aging, Child, Preschool, Cues, Female, Games, Experimental, Humans, Imitative Behavior, Male, Memory, Episodic, Models, Psychological, Play and Playthings, Psychology, Child, Psychomotor Performance, Spatial Learning, Spatial Memory, Time Factors, Video Games

Journal Title

Memory

Conference Name

Journal ISSN

0965-8211
1464-0686

Volume Title

23

Publisher

Informa UK Limited