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Herpes simplex I encephalitis presenting as a brain haemorrhage with normal cerebrospinal fluid analysis: a case report.


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Authors

Gkrania-Klotsas, Effrossyni  ORCID logo  https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0930-8330
Lever, Andrew Ml 

Abstract

INTRODUCTION: Herpes simplex encephalitis is a potentially lethal infection that should be recognised as soon as possible. The combination of clinical history and examination, brain computed tomography or magnetic resonance imaging and lumbar puncture has been used to establish a diagnosis. CASE PRESENTATION: We present a patient who had a suggestive history but a totally normal lumbar puncture and only evidence of intracerebral haemorrhage in the brain magnetic resonance imaging. Diagnosis was made by using the cerebrospinal fluid polymerase chain reaction for herpes simplex virus. CONCLUSION: Herpes simplex encephalitis is being increasingly diagnosed with the availability of new diagnostic techniques. Herpes simplex encephalitis can present with the combination of haemorrhage and normal cerebrospinal fluid. Awareness of this common but, if left untreated, devastating condition should increase.

Description

Keywords

1103 Clinical Sciences, Biomedical, Clinical Medicine and Science, Diagnostic Radiology, Sexually Transmitted Diseases/Herpes, Brain Disorders, Infectious Diseases, Neurosciences, Infection, 2.1 Biological and endogenous factors, 4.2 Evaluation of markers and technologies

Journal Title

J Med Case Rep

Conference Name

Journal ISSN

1752-1947
1752-1947

Volume Title

Publisher

Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Sponsorship
Medical Research Council (G0701652)