http://www.dspace.cam.ac.uk:80/handle/1810/274 Archaeology Sun, 19 May 2013 09:18:14 GMT 2013-05-19T09:18:14Z http://www.dspace.cam.ac.uk:80/handle/1810/244080 Title: Nostratic Dictionary - Third Edition Authors: Dolgopolsky, Aharon Abstract: Aharon Dolgopolsky was the leading authority on the Nostratic macrofamily. It is with great sadness that we announce that he passed away on 20 July 2012. His 'Nostratic Dictionary' presented here is, of course, something very much more than a dictionary. It is the most thorough and extensive demonstration and documentation so far of what may be termed the Nostratic hypothesis: that several of the world's best-known language families are related in their origin, their grammar and their lexicon, and that they belong together in a larger unit, of earlier origin, the Nostratic macrofamily. It should at once be noted that several elements of this enterprise are controversial. For while the Nostratic hypothesis has many supporters, it has been criticized on rather fundamental grounds by a number of distinguished linguists. The matter was reviewed some years ago in a symposium held at the McDonald Institute, and positions remain very much polarized. It was a result of that meeting that the decision was taken to invite Aharon Dolgopolsky to publish his Dictionary - a much more substantial treatise than any work hitherto undertaken on the subject - at the McDonald Institute. For it became clear that the diversities of view expressed at that symposium were not likely to be resolved by further polemical exchanges. Instead, a substantial body of data was required, whose examination and evaluation could subsequently lead to more mature judgments. Those data are presented here, and that more mature evaluation can now proceed. This edition is Dolgopolsky’s final one as submitted in January 2012. It is revised and augmented by the author but remains unedited and unproofed due to his unfortunate death. Description: The first edition can be found at http://www.dspace.cam.ac.uk/handle/1810/196512 Sun, 01 Jan 2012 00:00:00 GMT http://www.dspace.cam.ac.uk:80/handle/1810/244080 2012-01-01T00:00:00Z http://www.dspace.cam.ac.uk:80/handle/1810/243776 Title: Appendix 15.3 Authors: Hall, Derek W.; Blackmore, Lyn; Haggarty, George; Barrett, James H. Description: This is Appendix 15.3 of the McDonald Institute monograph 'Being an Islander: Production and Identity at Quoygrew, Orkney, AD 900-1600', edited by James H. Barrett. The monograph describes archaeological excavations at the site of Quoygrew in Orkney and explores how 'small worlds' both reflected and impacted the fundamental pan-European watersheds of the Middle Ages. Thu, 20 Sep 2012 23:00:00 GMT http://www.dspace.cam.ac.uk:80/handle/1810/243776 2012-09-20T23:00:00Z http://www.dspace.cam.ac.uk:80/handle/1810/243775 Title: Appendix 14.1 Authors: Rogers, Nicola S.H. Description: This is Appendix 14.1 of the McDonald Institute monograph 'Being an Islander: Production and Identity at Quoygrew, Orkney, AD 900-1600', edited by James H. Barrett. The monograph describes archaeological excavations at the site of Quoygrew in Orkney and explores how 'small worlds' both reflected and impacted the fundamental pan-European watersheds of the Middle Ages. Thu, 20 Sep 2012 23:00:00 GMT http://www.dspace.cam.ac.uk:80/handle/1810/243775 2012-09-20T23:00:00Z http://www.dspace.cam.ac.uk:80/handle/1810/243774 Title: Appendix 12.1 Authors: Barrett, James H.; Batey, Colleen E.; Deckers, Pieterjan Description: This is Appendix 12.1 of the McDonald Institute monograph 'Being an Islander: Production and Identity at Quoygrew, Orkney, AD 900-1600', edited by James H. Barrett. The monograph describes archaeological excavations at the site of Quoygrew in Orkney and explores how 'small worlds' both reflected and impacted the fundamental pan-European watersheds of the Middle Ages. Thu, 20 Sep 2012 23:00:00 GMT http://www.dspace.cam.ac.uk:80/handle/1810/243774 2012-09-20T23:00:00Z http://www.dspace.cam.ac.uk:80/handle/1810/243773 Title: Appendix 5.1 Authors: Barrett, James H.; Harland, Jennifer F.; Andrews, Jamie I. Description: This is Appendix 5.1 of the McDonald Institute monograph 'Being an Islander: Production and Identity at Quoygrew, Orkney, AD 900-1600', edited by James H. Barrett. The monograph describes archaeological excavations at the site of Quoygrew in Orkney and explores how 'small worlds' both reflected and impacted the fundamental pan-European watersheds of the Middle Ages. Thu, 20 Sep 2012 23:00:00 GMT http://www.dspace.cam.ac.uk:80/handle/1810/243773 2012-09-20T23:00:00Z http://www.dspace.cam.ac.uk:80/handle/1810/243772 Title: Appendix 3.2 Authors: Barrett, James H.; Smith, Marcus Description: This is Appendix 3.2 of the McDonald Institute monograph 'Being an Islander: Production and Identity at Quoygrew, Orkney, AD 900-1600', edited by James H. Barrett. The monograph describes archaeological excavations at the site of Quoygrew in Orkney and explores how 'small worlds' both reflected and impacted the fundamental pan-European watersheds of the Middle Ages. Thu, 20 Sep 2012 23:00:00 GMT http://www.dspace.cam.ac.uk:80/handle/1810/243772 2012-09-20T23:00:00Z http://www.dspace.cam.ac.uk:80/handle/1810/243771 Title: Appendix 3.1 Authors: Barrett, James H.; Smith, Marcus Description: This is Appendix 3.1 of the McDonald Institute monograph 'Being an Islander: Production and Identity at Quoygrew, Orkney, AD 900–1600', edited by James H. Barrett. The monograph describes archaeological excavations at the site of Quoygrew in Orkney and explores how ‘small worlds’ both reflected and impacted the fundamental pan-European watersheds of the Middle Ages. Thu, 20 Sep 2012 23:00:00 GMT http://www.dspace.cam.ac.uk:80/handle/1810/243771 2012-09-20T23:00:00Z http://www.dspace.cam.ac.uk:80/handle/1810/241601 Title: Evolutionary history of barley cultivation in Europe revealed by genetic analysis of extant landraces Authors: Jones, Huw; Civan, Peter; Cockram, James; Leigh, Fiona J; Smith, Lydia MJ; Jones, Martin K; Charles, Michael P; Molina-Cano, Jose-Luis; Powell, Wayne; Jones, Glynis; Brown, Terence A Abstract: Abstract Background Understanding the evolution of cultivated barley is important for two reasons. First, the evolutionary relationships between different landraces might provide information on the spread and subsequent development of barley cultivation, including the adaptation of the crop to new environments and its response to human selection. Second, evolutionary information would enable landraces with similar traits but different genetic backgrounds to be identified, providing alternative strategies for the introduction of these traits into modern germplasm. Results The evolutionary relationships between 651 barley landraces were inferred from the genotypes for 24 microsatellites. The landraces could be divided into nine populations, each with a different geographical distribution. Comparisons with ear row number, caryopsis structure, seasonal growth habit and flowering time revealed a degree of association between population structure and phenotype, and analysis of climate variables indicated that the landraces are adapted, at least to some extent, to their environment. Human selection and/or environmental adaptation may therefore have played a role in the origin and/or maintenance of one or more of the barley landrace populations. There was also evidence that at least some of the population structure derived from geographical partitioning set up during the initial spread of barley cultivation into Europe, or reflected the later introduction of novel varieties. In particular, three closely-related populations were made up almost entirely of plants with the daylength nonresponsive version of the photoperiod response gene PPD-H1, conferring adaptation to the long annual growth season of northern Europe. These three populations probably originated in the eastern Fertile Crescent and entered Europe after the initial spread of agriculture. Conclusions The discovery of population structure, combined with knowledge of associated phenotypes and environmental adaptations, enables a rational approach to identification of landraces that might be used as sources of germplasm for breeding programs. The population structure also enables hypotheses concerning the prehistoric spread and development of agriculture to be addressed. Description: RIGHTS : This article is licensed under the BioMed Central licence at http://www.biomedcentral.com/about/license which is similar to the 'Creative Commons Attribution Licence'. In brief you may : copy, distribute, and display the work; make derivative works; or make commercial use of the work - under the following conditions: the original author must be given credit; for any reuse or distribution, it must be made clear to others what the license terms of this work are. Wed, 02 Nov 2011 00:00:00 GMT http://www.dspace.cam.ac.uk:80/handle/1810/241601 2011-11-02T00:00:00Z http://www.dspace.cam.ac.uk:80/handle/1810/241365 Title: Authority and the production of knowledge in archaeology Authors: Pruitt, Tera Corinne Abstract: This thesis examines the role of authority in the production of archaeological knowledge. It examines how fluid ideas and observations formed in the field become authoritative, factual, solid archaeological products, like scientific texts, reconstructions or museum displays. It asks, what makes a person, a thing or an account of history something that is authoritative? What makes someone an authority on the past? What is archaeological authority? This thesis deconstructs and exposes authority in archaeological practice. It targets how practitioners of archaeology actively enact, construct and implement authority in the process of producing knowledge. Formal representations of the past rely heavily on an underlying notion of the ‘authoritative account’. The entire process of reconstructing the past in archaeology is dependent on individuals and institutions existing as authorities, who actively or passively imply that artefacts, sites and final interpretations are ‘authentic’ or have ‘fidelity’ to the past. This study examines how authority and acts of legitimation are employed and distributed through the medium of science, and how they need to be actively performed in order to acquire and maintain status. This thesis not only argues that authority is embedded in every stage of the archaeological process, but importantly, it identifies how this authority manifests through the medium of scientific acts. This thesis is structured around two comparative case studies: one case of professional archaeology and one case of alternative archaeology. Both are archaeological sites that produce their own ‘authoritative’ accounts of the past through practices, publications and presentations. The first case is the professional archaeological project of Çatalhöyük in the Republic of Turkey, under the direction of Ian Hodder at Stanford University. This case offers insights about how the processes of inscription, translation and blackboxing establish and maintain authority in archaeological practice. It also addresses how physical and intellectual space, as well as issues of access in localised knowledge-producing social arenas, affect archaeological authority. The second case is the controversial pseudoarchaeological project in Visoko, Bosnia, commonly referred to as the Bosnian Pyramids. This project, under the direction of amateur archaeologist Semir Osmanagić, has successfully created an account of prehistory that has been received by the general Bosnian public as authoritative, despite objections by the professional archaeological community. This case demonstrates how authority can be constructed, mimicked and performed by drawing on academic arenas of scientific practice and by eager public participation. Specifically, this case study highlights the importance of socio-politics, authoritative institutions and performative behaviour in the construction of archaeological authority. Mon, 10 Oct 2011 23:00:00 GMT http://www.dspace.cam.ac.uk:80/handle/1810/241365 2011-10-10T23:00:00Z http://www.dspace.cam.ac.uk:80/handle/1810/241267 Title: Commemorative ceremony remembering the 1964 Battle of Tylliria, Cyprus Authors: Bryant, Rebecca Description: Commemorations in August 2011 to remember the 1964 Battle of Tylliria at Kokkina/Erenkoy. Sun, 31 Jul 2011 23:00:00 GMT http://www.dspace.cam.ac.uk:80/handle/1810/241267 2011-07-31T23:00:00Z http://www.dspace.cam.ac.uk:80/handle/1810/241266 Title: Slana Banja Memorial Complex, Tuzla, Bosnia and Herzegovina Authors: Armakolas, Ioannis Description: Images of memorials and commemorative spaces at the Slana Banja Memorial Complex, Tuzla, Bosnia and Herzegovina remembering the fallen of World War II and the Bosnian War 1992-1995 Thu, 31 Mar 2011 23:00:00 GMT http://www.dspace.cam.ac.uk:80/handle/1810/241266 2011-03-31T23:00:00Z http://www.dspace.cam.ac.uk:80/handle/1810/240459 Title: Hottentots practising with their weapons Authors: Kolbe, P Description: Illustration taken from Kolbe, P (1727). Naaukeurige en uitvoerige Beschryving van de Kaap de Goede Hoop. Volume 2. Page 202. Amsterdam. Wed, 01 Jan 1727 00:00:00 GMT http://www.dspace.cam.ac.uk:80/handle/1810/240459 1727-01-01T00:00:00Z http://www.dspace.cam.ac.uk:80/handle/1810/240458 Title: The casa of a padre in Campinha Authors: Henderson, J Description: Illustration taken from Henderson, J (1821). "A History of the Brazil, comprising its geography, commerce, colonization, aboriginal inhabitants, etc. ". Page 85. London. Mon, 01 Jan 1821 00:00:00 GMT http://www.dspace.cam.ac.uk:80/handle/1810/240458 1821-01-01T00:00:00Z http://www.dspace.cam.ac.uk:80/handle/1810/240457 Title: Third incarnation of Vishnu (Wild boar) Authors: Sonnerat, P Description: Illustration taken from Sonnerat, P (1782). Voyages aux Indes Orientales et a la Chine. Volume 1. Page 161. Paris. Tue, 01 Jan 1782 00:00:00 GMT http://www.dspace.cam.ac.uk:80/handle/1810/240457 1782-01-01T00:00:00Z http://www.dspace.cam.ac.uk:80/handle/1810/240456 Title: Assembling of the caravan, under the walls of Bagdad Authors: Buckingham, J.S. Description: Illustration taken from Buckingham, J.S. (1829). "Travels in Assyria, Media and Persia". Page 1. London. Thu, 01 Jan 1829 00:00:00 GMT http://www.dspace.cam.ac.uk:80/handle/1810/240456 1829-01-01T00:00:00Z http://www.dspace.cam.ac.uk:80/handle/1810/240455 Title: Circe with the enchantress's cup; the tree of the Garden of Hesperides; Hercules leading a chained Cerberus Authors: Lafitau, P Description: Illustration taken from Lafitau, P (1724). "Moeurs des sauvages americains, comparees aux moeurs des premiers temps". Volume 1. Page 233. Paris. Sat, 01 Jan 1724 00:00:00 GMT http://www.dspace.cam.ac.uk:80/handle/1810/240455 1724-01-01T00:00:00Z http://www.dspace.cam.ac.uk:80/handle/1810/240454 Title: Last day of the Annual Customs for watering the graves of the King's ancestors Authors: Dalzel, A Description: Illustration taken from Dalzel, A (1793). The History of Dahomy. Page 146. London. Tue, 01 Jan 1793 00:00:00 GMT http://www.dspace.cam.ac.uk:80/handle/1810/240454 1793-01-01T00:00:00Z http://www.dspace.cam.ac.uk:80/handle/1810/240453 Title: Malay Chief, Sooloo Authors: Marryat, F Description: Illustration taken from Marryat, F (1848). Borneo and the East Indian Archipelago. Page 101. London. Sat, 01 Jan 1848 00:00:00 GMT http://www.dspace.cam.ac.uk:80/handle/1810/240453 1848-01-01T00:00:00Z http://www.dspace.cam.ac.uk:80/handle/1810/240452 Title: Eighth incarnation of Vishnu (Parassourama) Authors: Sonnerat, P Description: Illustration taken from Sonnerat, P (1782). Voyages aux Indes Orientales et a la Chine. Volume 1. Page 166. Paris. Tue, 01 Jan 1782 00:00:00 GMT http://www.dspace.cam.ac.uk:80/handle/1810/240452 1782-01-01T00:00:00Z http://www.dspace.cam.ac.uk:80/handle/1810/240451 Title: A dance in Otaheite (Tahiti) Authors: Cook, J Description: Illustration taken from Cook, J (1785). A Voyage to the Pacific Ocean. Full edn.. Volume 2. Page 58. London. Sat, 01 Jan 1785 00:00:00 GMT http://www.dspace.cam.ac.uk:80/handle/1810/240451 1785-01-01T00:00:00Z