http://www.dspace.cam.ac.uk:80/handle/1810/183634 SPRI, the Scott Polar Research Institute. Mon, 20 May 2013 12:48:18 GMT 2013-05-20T12:48:18Z http://www.dspace.cam.ac.uk:80/handle/1810/244073 Title: Cone penetration testing in polar snow Authors: McCallum, Adrian Bruce Abstract: Innovative Cone Penetration Testing (CPT) using adapted commercial CPT equipment was conducted in Antarctica in early 2010 in an attempt to assess the strength of polar snow; additionally, application of CPT data was considered, particularly in estimating surface bearing capacity. Almost 100 CPT tests were carried out and both qualitative and quantitative analysis of data was undertaken. Additional supporting testing in- cluded snow density assessment, snow strength assessment, extrapolation of CPT data via Ground Penetrating Radar (GPR) and preliminary mini-cone penetrometer testing in Greenland. Analysis of results revealed that assessing the strength of polar snow via CPT is affected by numerous factors including penetration rate, cone size/shape and snow material properties, particularly compaction of the snow undergoing penetration. A density-dependant relationship between CPT resistance and snow shear strength was established, and methods for estimating surface bearing capacity directly from CPT in homogeneous and layered polar snow were proposed. This work applied existing technology in a new material and shows that CPT can be used efficiently in polar environs to provide estimates of snow shear strength and surface bearing capacity, to depths of 10 m or more. Mon, 09 Apr 2012 23:00:00 GMT http://www.dspace.cam.ac.uk:80/handle/1810/244073 2012-04-09T23:00:00Z http://www.dspace.cam.ac.uk:80/handle/1810/242375 Title: The influence of subglacial hydrology on the flow of West Antarctic ice streams Authors: Baker, Narelle Paula Marie Abstract: Subglacial hydrology is known to influence the flow of ice. However, difficulty in accessing the base of large ice sheets has made determining the interaction between ice streams, basal sediment and water difficult to discern. The aim of this thesis is to determine the influence of subglacial hydrology on the flow of the West Antarctic ice streams. This is achieved through development of a numerical flowline model, the Hydrology, Ice and Till (HIT) model. Ice thermodynamics are coupled to a till layer of Coulomb plastic rheology. The porosity of the till changes with basal melt and freeze and can be augmented by water transported through a subglacial conduit system. Water availability strongly affects ice flow, as till porosity influences the till failure strength and thereby the basal resistance of the ice. The model was developed in four stages and a number of sensitivity tests were performed. It was then applied to Kamb Ice Stream (Ice Stream C) and Whillians Ice Stream (Ice Stream B), West Antarctica. Results confirm that ice streams are capable of oscillating between fast and slow velocity states. Cycles are generated at the grounding line of an ice stream and the speed of the transition from slow to fast flow is governed by water availability. The period of oscillation of the cycles for the West Antarctic ice streams was found to be several hundred years, which is in line with observations of stagnation and reactivation of these ice streams. This shows that subglacial hydrology has a role in modulating the flow variability of ice streams and that rather large changes in the flow of the West Antarctic ice streams are likely to occur this century. Mon, 09 Apr 2012 23:00:00 GMT http://www.dspace.cam.ac.uk:80/handle/1810/242375 2012-04-09T23:00:00Z http://www.dspace.cam.ac.uk:80/handle/1810/221900 Title: Sir John Franklin Description: Three-quarter length portrait of Sir John Franklin, seated and holding a telescope. http://www.dspace.cam.ac.uk:80/handle/1810/221900 http://www.dspace.cam.ac.uk:80/handle/1810/214796 Title: The corral and the slaughterhouse : knowledge, tradition and the modernization of indigenous reindeer slaughtering practice in the Norwegian Arctic Authors: Reinert, Hugo Abstract: This dissertation is a contribution to the ethnography of contemporary indigenous reindeer pastoralism in Norway: specifically, to the study of the neglected fields of reindeer killing and slaughtering practice. Its central contention is that in recent decades, the proliferation of human powers vested in the conduct of reindeer slaughter has created new conditions for practice, placing the identities of reindeer and herders at stake in new and still only dimly conceptualized ways. By exploring these, the dissertation aims to broaden existing debates concerning the so-called modernization of pastoral practice in Norway, drawing attention to some of its neglected aspects and inscribing them in a new register. Two principal strands inform the theoretical framework: one, approaches to the social study of knowledge that emphasise its practical, non-verbal and material aspects; and two, Foucauldian concepts of biopower as these may or may not be applicable to the human management of animal life. Individual chapters examine, in turn: the local politics of space on the Varanger peninsula, focusing particularly on links between the spatial management and the killing of reindeer; the practices and social relations of slaughter as it is conducted at the round-up corral; the social effects of the introduction of slaughterhouses, and of the regime of which they form a part; controversies surrounding specific slaughtering techniques and instruments, particularly the curved knife; and the politics of animal welfare discourse and practices in their application to reindeer herding. Finally, using the figure of animal sacrifice as a guiding trope, the concluding chapter attempts to situate some key aspects of the modernization of reindeer slaughter in relation to the operation of broader sacrificial economies that regulate the destruction of life at aggregate or populational levels. Description: For copyright and other reasons, all images have been removed from the online version of this dissertation. Tue, 15 Jan 2008 00:00:00 GMT http://www.dspace.cam.ac.uk:80/handle/1810/214796 2008-01-15T00:00:00Z http://www.dspace.cam.ac.uk:80/handle/1810/197543 Title: 'Alert' Sledge Party making a push for the North Pole Description: Eight men man hauling a sledge. Sat, 01 Jan 1876 00:00:00 GMT http://www.dspace.cam.ac.uk:80/handle/1810/197543 1876-01-01T00:00:00Z http://www.dspace.cam.ac.uk:80/handle/1810/197493 Title: Parhelia Description: Stylised drawing of a parhelia over icebergs. Whale in sea in foreground. Fri, 01 Jan 1875 00:00:00 GMT http://www.dspace.cam.ac.uk:80/handle/1810/197493 1875-01-01T00:00:00Z http://www.dspace.cam.ac.uk:80/handle/1810/197508 Title: Finding a coal mine Authors: White, George Description: The lower portion of a cliff standing above a small mountain stream. The lower twenty five feet is formed of coal and huge blocks of coal strew the bed of the stream. Sat, 01 Jan 1876 00:00:00 GMT http://www.dspace.cam.ac.uk:80/handle/1810/197508 1876-01-01T00:00:00Z http://www.dspace.cam.ac.uk:80/handle/1810/197480 Title: Cape Fraser. Ships separate Authors: White, George Description: Sailing ship 'Alert' in far distance. Ice floes in foreground, Rock face and scree of the coast to one side. Fri, 01 Jan 1875 00:00:00 GMT http://www.dspace.cam.ac.uk:80/handle/1810/197480 1875-01-01T00:00:00Z http://www.dspace.cam.ac.uk:80/handle/1810/197535 Title: Sledge at Cape Rawson Authors: White, George Description: A group of men with shovels and pickaxes stand on a steep snow slope. They are cutting a path for a sledge which stands at the bottom of the slope surrounded by other men. Another sledge stands further along the base of the slope, three men hold it up on the slope, harnessed dogs lie on the slope. Sat, 01 Jan 1876 00:00:00 GMT http://www.dspace.cam.ac.uk:80/handle/1810/197535 1876-01-01T00:00:00Z http://www.dspace.cam.ac.uk:80/handle/1810/197530 Title: Chart of the course taken by the expedition Fri, 01 Jan 1875 00:00:00 GMT http://www.dspace.cam.ac.uk:80/handle/1810/197530 1875-01-01T00:00:00Z http://www.dspace.cam.ac.uk:80/handle/1810/197515 Title: 'Alert' (protected by floebergs) Description: View of the sailing ship 'Alert' in the distance in her winter quarters in the ice in an inlet. Snow-covered hills all around and giant ice floes in the sea in front of the ship. Fri, 01 Jan 1875 00:00:00 GMT http://www.dspace.cam.ac.uk:80/handle/1810/197515 1875-01-01T00:00:00Z http://www.dspace.cam.ac.uk:80/handle/1810/197567 Title: 'Alert' - Sunday morning Description: Expedition members stand in two rows underneath an awning on the deck of the sailing ship 'Alert'. Another expedition member stands in front and reads from a prayer book. Fri, 01 Jan 1875 00:00:00 GMT http://www.dspace.cam.ac.uk:80/handle/1810/197567 1875-01-01T00:00:00Z http://www.dspace.cam.ac.uk:80/handle/1810/197537 Title: Winter Quarters of the 'Discovery' Description: Sailing ship 'Discovery' lies moored to the ice. Expedition members stand on the ice next to ship, along with a sledge. A row of cans marks a path across the ice from the ship. Hills in the background. Fri, 01 Jan 1875 00:00:00 GMT http://www.dspace.cam.ac.uk:80/handle/1810/197537 1875-01-01T00:00:00Z http://www.dspace.cam.ac.uk:80/handle/1810/197529 Title: Group of natives on shore Authors: Mitchell, Thomas; White, George Description: Inuit men and women in traditional dress sitting and standing outside a turf house on Disko Island. Fri, 01 Jan 1875 00:00:00 GMT http://www.dspace.cam.ac.uk:80/handle/1810/197529 1875-01-01T00:00:00Z http://www.dspace.cam.ac.uk:80/handle/1810/197500 Title: The 'Discovery' ashore Description: The sailing ship 'Discovery' lies at an angle on the ice. Expedition members stand on the ice holding ropes attached the ship. Fri, 01 Jan 1875 00:00:00 GMT http://www.dspace.cam.ac.uk:80/handle/1810/197500 1875-01-01T00:00:00Z http://www.dspace.cam.ac.uk:80/handle/1810/197489 Title: Reindeer Sledge. Travelling, Arctic Description: One person in a sledge being hauled by a reindeer. Mountain range, trees and sun rays in the background with another reindeer and sledge in the far distance. Fri, 01 Jan 1875 00:00:00 GMT http://www.dspace.cam.ac.uk:80/handle/1810/197489 1875-01-01T00:00:00Z http://www.dspace.cam.ac.uk:80/handle/1810/197511 Title: 'Discovery' (sledge party) Description: Four members of The 'Discovery' sledge party help a sledge pulled by dogs along a snowy road on the side of a snow slope on a journey to the coast of Greenland. Fri, 01 Jan 1875 00:00:00 GMT http://www.dspace.cam.ac.uk:80/handle/1810/197511 1875-01-01T00:00:00Z http://www.dspace.cam.ac.uk:80/handle/1810/197521 Title: Icebergs, Day Description: Seascape with stylised depiction of icebergs, walrus and sea birds in foreground. Two sailing ships, probably 'Alert' and 'Discovery', in background. Fri, 01 Jan 1875 00:00:00 GMT http://www.dspace.cam.ac.uk:80/handle/1810/197521 1875-01-01T00:00:00Z http://www.dspace.cam.ac.uk:80/handle/1810/197478 Title: 'Alert' pressed close to the shore by ice about 40 ft. in thickness Authors: Mitchell, Thomas Description: Sailing ship 'Alert' trapped in ice close to the shore. Sat, 01 Jan 1876 00:00:00 GMT http://www.dspace.cam.ac.uk:80/handle/1810/197478 1876-01-01T00:00:00Z http://www.dspace.cam.ac.uk:80/handle/1810/197551 Title: Portsmouth Harbour, November 18 Description: Sailing ships 'Discovery' and 'Alert', surrounded by rowing boats and launches at the mouth of Portsmouth Harbour. Sat, 01 Jan 1876 00:00:00 GMT http://www.dspace.cam.ac.uk:80/handle/1810/197551 1876-01-01T00:00:00Z